![]() Sub-clinical psychotic symptoms occur frequently in ASD patients, and the prevalence of SSD in adults with ASD are in the range of 4–12%. Nevertheless, some indications of the relation between ASD and SD can be estimated by looking at studies comparing ASD with psychosis or schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). The prevalence of comorbidity with SD has to our knowledge not been established. The case identification and assessment of ASD is challenged by a high rate of comorbidity with depression (50%), anxiety (40%) and ADHD/ADD (40–60%). Danish data suggest a prevalence of 1.65% or approximately 95,000 persons in Denmark. In most western countries the prevalence is estimated to be 1–2%. The prevalence estimates of ASD display a high variability across nations worldwide. To improve diagnostic accuracy, it is therefore not only pertinent but also necessary to investigate discriminating features between ASD and SD and to develop tools to aid clinicians in the assessment.ĪSD has its roots in the relatively young field of child and adolescent psychiatry, whereas SD comes out of a more than 100-year-old tradition and is primarily based on clinical presentations in adults. Consequently, professionals involved in assessment of ASD and SD often come from different backgrounds and make use of different diagnostic methods. Of these, almost 40% were diagnosed on the schizophrenia spectrum (predominantly SD). An audit of 319 patient cases at our clinic (specialized unit for the assessment of ASD) from January-June 2019 showed that about 37% of the adults referred to our clinic for the assessment of ASD, did not meet diagnostic criteria. Thus, discriminating ASD from SD in a clinical setting is a time-consuming task and demands a high level of expertise of both disorders. In a clinical setting and at all levels of assessment, one of the most difficult differential diagnostic challenges is schizotypal disorder (SD), which shares considerable features with ASD both at the symptomatic level and in the diagnostic criteria (see Fig. The psychiatric burden in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is considerably higher compared to neurotypical individuals, with 70% experiencing at least one co-occurring psychiatric disorder and 40% exhibiting two or more psychiatric disorders. Fundingįunding was provided by Psychiatric Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen Denmark, Sofiefonden (Grant number: FID4107425), Trygfonden (Grant number:153588), Takeda Pharma. SD), diagnostic accuracy, and validity of the schiZotypy Autism Questionnaire (ZAQ). The aim of the study is to investigate the discriminative properties (ASD vs. After this initial testing phase, the ZAQ will be validated in an independent sample (Phase 2). The results from ZAQ will be compared to the clinical diagnoses from interdisciplinary teams at specialised psychiatric clinics. We aim to test 200 autistic patients and 100 schizotypy patients recruited from specialised psychiatric clinics and 200 controls from the general population (Phase 1). Accordingly, in this study, we aim to develop a new screening questionnaire, the schiZotypy Autism Questionnaire (ZAQ), which provides a combined screening for both conditions, while also indicating the relative likelihood of each. Although several validated screening questionnaires exist for ASD and SD, none have differential diagnostic properties. At all levels of assessment, the differential diagnostic considerations between ASD and SD exert major challenges for clinicians. Due to elevated recognition and knowledge of ASD worldwide, there is a growing rate of referrals from primary health professionals to specialised units. Screening adults for Asperger Syndrome using the AQ: A preliminary study of its diagnostic validity in clinical practice.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizotypal disorder (SD) both have a heterogenous presentation, with significant overlaps in symptoms and behaviour. RAADS-14 Screen: Validity of a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder in an adult psychiatric population. Adult autism subthreshold spectrum (AdAS Spectrum): Validation of a questionnaire investigating subthreshold autism spectrum. The adult repetitive behaviours questionnaire-2 (RBQ-2A): A self-report measure of restricted and repetitive behaviours. The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. ![]()
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